Networking

What is Peering?

Definition

Peering is a direct interconnection between two networks that exchange traffic with each other without paying a third party to carry it. Settlement-free peering reduces both cost and hop count. A provider that peers widely delivers lower latency than one that buys all its connectivity as transit.

Why Peering matters

Settlement-free peering reduces both cost and hop count. A provider that peers widely delivers lower latency than one that buys all its connectivity as transit.

Peering in practice

Peering means watching BGP routes and deciding which networks you exchange traffic with directly instead of paying transit. Look at your traceroutes: if packets hop through a Tier-1 carrier to reach a local ISP, you are paying for the middle leg. Change it by joining an IXP or negotiating private interconnects where your traffic volume justifies it. Getting it wrong costs latency per hop and cash per gigabyte. For a small host, peering at one or two strategic exchanges usually beats buying extra transit.

What people get wrong about Peering

The common error is thinking peering is free because it is settlement-free. It is not free; it costs switch ports, cross-connects, router capacity, and staff time to manage. Peering at a tiny IXP where you carry a few megabits can cost more per gigabyte than transit. Correction: peer where you have real volume, not everywhere.

Peering — common questions

Does peering lower my latency?

Yes, if you are not already on the shortest path. Peering cuts out a middleman, reducing hop count and often trimming a few milliseconds. But if your transit path is already direct and short, peering may not improve latency noticeably. Measure traceroutes before and after.

How do I peer with OnionVPS?

We participate at major Internet exchange points in our regions. To peer, you need your own ASN and a presence at the same exchange, then set up a BGP session with us. Check our published peering DB records and contact us via the encrypted ticket desk to arrange the session details.

More from networking

ASN
An ASN identifies a network that controls its own routing policy and announces its address space to the global routing table via BGP.
BGP
BGP is the protocol that autonomous systems use to exchange routing information and decide how traffic crosses the internet.
IXP
An IXP is a shared physical facility where networks interconnect directly rather than paying a transit provider to carry traffic between them.
IP transit
Transit is a paid service in which one network carries another network's traffic to the rest of the internet.
Anycast
Anycast announces the same IP address from several locations at once, so each user is routed to the nearest instance by BGP.
IPv6
IPv6 is the current version of the Internet Protocol, using 128-bit addresses to replace the exhausted 32-bit IPv4 space.
Reverse DNS
Reverse DNS maps an IP address back to a hostname through a PTR record, the inverse of a normal DNS lookup.
Port 25
Port 25 is the TCP port used for server-to-server SMTP mail delivery.